HEALTH

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Heart disease, our leading killer, can be prevented or even reversed with a plant-based vegan diet.

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Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial. Lancet. 1990;336(8708):129-33.

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Ornish D, Scherwitz L, Billings J, et al. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. Five-year follow-up of the Lifestyle Heart Trial. JAMA. 1998;280:2001–7.

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Esselstyn CB. Is the present therapy for coronary artery disease the radical mastectomy of the twenty-first century? Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(6):902–4.

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Gould KL, Ornish D, Scherwitz L, et al. Changes in myocardial perfusion abnormalities by positron emission tomography after long-term, intense risk factor modification. JAMA. 1995;274:894–901

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Ornish DM, Scherwitz LW, Doody RS, et al. Effects of stress management training and dietary changes in treating ischemic heart disease. JAMA. 1983;249:54–9.

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The top 10 causes of death. World Health Organisation. 2020

 

The only critical risk factor for heart disease is cholesterol

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Benjamin MM, Roberts WC. Facts and principles learned at the 39th Annual Williamsburg Conference on Heart Disease. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2013;26(2):124–36

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Roberts WC. It’s the cholesterol, stupid! Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(9):1364–6.

 

Cholesterol stems from the consumption of meat, dairy, eggs, fish, and processed junk foods

 

Trumbo PR, Shimakawa T. Tolerable upper intake levels for trans fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Nutr Rev. 2011;69(5):270–8

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Implementing a plant-based diet could essentially eliminate the great scourge of the Western world

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Roberts WC. The cause of atherosclerosis. Nutr Clin Pract. 2008;23(5):464–

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Heart disease is a food-borne illness

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Esselstyn CB. Is the present therapy for coronary artery disease the radical mastectomy of the twenty-first century? Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(6):902–4.

 

 It’s virtually impossible to induce heart disease in a carnivorous animal with cholesterol as it’s part of their natural diet

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Roberts WC. It’s the cholesterol, stupid! Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(9):1364–6.

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With humans, however, cholesterol accumulation can cause our number one killer meal by meal, beginning development in early childhood and may even begin before birth  from what our mothers are eating

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Voller RD, Strong WB. Pediatric aspects of atherosclerosis. Am Heart J. 1981;101(6):815–36.

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Napoli C, D’Armiento FP, Mancini FP, et al. Fatty streak formation occurs in human fetal aortas and is greatly enhanced by maternal hypercholesterolemia. Intimal accumulation of low density lipoprotein and its oxidation precede monocyte recruitment into early atherosclerotic lesions. J Clin Invest. 1997;100(11):2680–90.

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A plant-based diet is shown to lower cholesterol just as effectively as first-line statin drugs, but without the risks

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 Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A, et al. The Garden of Eden—plant based diets, the genetic drive to conserve cholesterol and its implications for heart disease in the 21st century. Comp Biochem Physiol, Part A Mol Integr Physiol. 2003;136(1):141–51

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A plant-based diet is the only unifying diet found to cure our number one killer and best prevent, treat and reverse many of our top causes of death

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Tuso PJ, Ismail MH, Ha BP, Bartolotto C. Nutritional update for physicians: plant-based diets. Perm J. 2013;17(2):61–6

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Williams KA. Introduction to the "A plant-based diet and cardiovascular disease" special issue. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017;14(5):316.

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MEAT

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Dying prematurely was associated with meat consumption in the most extensive study on diet and health ever conducted after controlling for other diet and lifestyle factors

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Sinha R, Cross AJ, Graubard BI, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A. Meat intake and mortality: a prospective study of over half a million people. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):562–71.

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A 3.6-year decrease in life expectancy, a 150% increase in odds of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes with a 231% increase in the odds of weight gain all from eating meat just once or more per week

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Singh PN, Arthur KN, Orlich MJ, et al. Global epidemiology of obesity, vegetarian dietary patterns, and noncommunicable disease in Asian Indians. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100 Suppl 1:359S–64.

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800,000 people a year die from consuming processed meat like bacon, ham, sausage, and chicken nuggets

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Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2224–60.

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Processed meat is a Group 1 carcinogen

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International Agency for Research on Cancer Red Meat and Processed Meat. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Volume 114. Lyon, France: WHO Press; 2018.

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Red meat intake and white meat intake are important dietary risk factors for colon cancer

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Singh PN, Fraser GE. Dietary risk factors for colon cancer in a low-risk population. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148(8):761–74.

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Consumption of animal protein leads to the release of the cancer-promoting growth hormone known as IGF-1. Consuming a plant-based diet effectively reduces IGF-1 levels

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Allen NE, Appleby PN, Davey GK, Kaaks R, Rinaldi S, Key TJ. The Associations of Diet with Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor I and Its Main Binding Proteins in 292 Women Meat-Eaters, Vegetarians, and Vegans. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2002 Nov;11(11):1441-8.

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Kleinberg DL, Wood TL, Furth PA, Lee AV. Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in the Transition from Normal Mammary Development to Preneoplastic Mammary Lesions. Endocr Rev. 2009 Feb;30(1):51-74.

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Highly toxic pollutants like dioxin and mercury are exposed to humans almost entirely from eating animal products

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Schecter A, Startin J, Wright C, et al. Congener-specific levels of dioxins and dibenzofurans in U.S. food and estimated daily dioxin toxic equivalent intake. Environ Health Perspect. 1994;102(11):962–6

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POULTRY

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A daily serving of 50g of chicken increased pancreatic cancer risk by 72% during the decade-long EPIC study that followed just under half a million people

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Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Nöthlings U, et al. Meat and fish consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(3):617–24

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Meat consumption is positively associated with weight gain and poultry is potentially the most fattening meat

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Vergnaud AC, Norat T, Romaguera D, et al. Meat consumption and prospective weight change in participants of the EPIC-PANACEA study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(2):398–407.

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Poultry is also the most common source of Salmonella poisoning and causes considerable cross-contamination which can lead to E. Coli intestinal colonization just by handling

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Batz MB, Hoffmann S, Morris Jr JG. Ranking the disease burden of 14 pathogens in food sources in the United States using attribution data from outbreak investigations and expert elicitation. J Food Prot. 2012;75(7):1278–91

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Cogan TA, Bloomfield SF, Humphrey TJ. The effectiveness of hygiene procedures for prevention of cross-contamination from chicken carcases in the domestic kitchen. Lett Appl Microbiol. 1999;29(5):354–8

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Linton AH, Howe K, Bennett PM, Richmond MH, Whiteside EJ. The colonization of the human gut by antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli from chickens. J Appl Bacteriol. 1977;43(3):465–9

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EGGS

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Cancers of the mouth, colon, bladder, prostate, and breast tripled in odds of developing in those that just ate half an egg a day when compared to those who didn’t eat eggs at all

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Aune D, De Stefani E, Ronco AL, et al. Egg consumption and the risk of cancer: a multisite case-control study in Uruguay. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2009;10(5):869–76

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Consuming two and a half eggs a week brought an 81% increase in the risk of men dying from prostate cancer

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Richman EL, Kenfield SA, Stampfer MJ, Giovannucci EL, Chan JM. Egg, red meat, and poultry intake and risk of lethal prostate cancer in the prostate-specific antigen-era: incidence and survival. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2011;4(12):2110–21.

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DAIRY

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Humans have no nutritional requirement for animal milk according to leading Harvard University nutrition experts that also express concern over dairy’s involvement in growing hormone-sensitive tumours

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Ludwig DS, Willett WC. Three daily servings of reduced-fat milk: an evidence-based recommendation? JAMA Pediatr. 2013;167(9):788–9.

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Dairy consumption may increase total prostate cancer risk

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Aune D, Navarro Rosenblatt DA, Chan DS, et al. Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;101(1):87–117.

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 Dairy consumption may cause acne

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Danby FW. Acne and milk, the diet myth, and beyond. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;52(2):360–2.

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Dairy consumption may diminish male reproductive potential

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Afeiche M, Williams PL, Mendiola J, et al. Dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among physically active young men. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(8):2265–75.

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Dairy consumption may cause premature puberty

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Maruyama K, Oshima T, Ohyama K. Exposure to exogenous estrogen through intake of commercial milk produced from pregnant cows. Pediatr Int. 2010;52(1):33–8

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Dairy has been associated with a significantly increased risk of Parkinson’s disease, estimated that the risk may increase by 17% for every daily cup of milk consumed

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Jiang W, Ju C, Jiang H, Zhang D. Dairy foods intake and risk of Parkinson’s disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(9):613–9

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FISH

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Fish contains the highest amount of toxic pollutants

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Fromberg A, Granby K, Højgård A, Fagt S, Larsen JC. Estimation of dietary intake of PCB and organochlorine pesticides for children and adults. Food Chem. 2011;125:1179–87

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Fish consumption may cause cognitive dysfunction

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Masley SC, Masley LV, Gualtieri T. Effect of mercury levels and seafood intake on cognitive function in middle-aged adults. Integr Med. 2012;11(3)32–40.

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Fish consumption may cause a higher risk of cardiac death

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Burr ML, Ashfield-Watt PAL, Dunstan FDJ, et al. Lack of benefit of dietary advice to men with angina: results of a controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57(2):193–200

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Fish consumption may triple the risk of developing colon cancer 

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Singh PN, Fraser GE. Dietary risk factors for colon cancer in a low-risk population. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148(8):761–74.

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Fish consumption may cause a 250% increase in kidney-stone risk

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Robertson WG, Heyburn PJ, Peacock M, Hanes FA, Swaminathan R. The effect of high animal protein intake on the risk of calcium stone-formation in the urinary tract. Clin Sci (Lond). 1979;57(3):285–8

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Inhaling smoke fumes from pan-frying fish is capable of damaging the DNA of human lung cells

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Yang SC, Jenq SN, Kang ZC, Lee H. Identification of benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol 9,10-epoxide N2-deoxyguanosine in human lung adenocarcinoma cells exposed to cooking oil fumes from frying fish under domestic conditions. Chem Res Toxicol. 2000;13(10):1046–50.

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The multi-billion pound fish oil industry sells something that shows no protective health benefits

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Rizos EC, Ntzani EE, Bika E, Kostapanos MS, Elisaf MS. Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2012;308(10):1024–33

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PLANTS

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We are plant-eating creatures

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Roberts WC. We think we are one, we act as if we are one, but we are not one. Am J Cardiol. 1990;66(10):896.

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D J Jenkins, C W Kendall. The garden of Eden: plant-based diets, the genetic drive to store fat and conserve cholesterol, and implications for epidemiology in the 21st century. Epidemiology. 2006 Mar;17(2):128-30.

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Even with a family history of genetic disease, diet can be the deciding factor in whether someone suffers that disease. Epigenetics has shown us that diet and lifestyle factors can trump genes 

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Kulshreshtha A, Goyal A, Veledar E, et al. Association between ideal cardiovascular health and carotid intima-media thickness: a twin study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3(1):e000282.

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Studies have shown long-term diabetic patients coming off of all their blood sugar drugs in less than a month due to plant-based dieting

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Crane MG, Sample C. Regression of diabetic neuropathy with total vegetarian (vegan) diet. J Nutr Med. 1994;4(4):431–9

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Even without weight loss, diabetic patients were able to come off all of their insulin medication in just 16 days of eating plant-based 

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Anderson JW, Ward K. High-carbohydrate, high-fiber diets for insulin-treated men with diabetes mellitus. Am J Clin Nutr. 1979 Nov;32(11):2312-21.

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The United Kingdom’s NHS spends around 10% of its total budget (about £9 billion) on type-2 diabetes every year

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Hex, N., Bartlett, C., Wright, D., Taylor, M., & Varley, D. Estimating the current and future costs of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the UK, including direct health costs and indirect societal and productivity costs. Diabetic Medicine 2012;29(7), 855–862.

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In virtually all studies, vegetable protein is superior to animal protein

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Clifton PM. Protein and coronary heart disease: the role of different protein sources. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2011;13(6):493-8

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Oxford University researchers found that those eating plant-based were less likely to develop all forms of cancer combined

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Key TJ, Appleby PN, Spencer EA, et al. Cancer incidence in British vegetarians. Br J Cancer. 2009;101(1):192–7

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Vegans were found to be the only diet group averaging an ideal weight

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Tonstad S, Butler T, Yan R, Fraser GE. Type of vegetarian diet, body weight, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(5):791–6.

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Even at the same weight as those eating animal products, vegans still enjoyed half the risk of developing diabetes

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Tonstad S, Stewart K, Oda K, Batech M, Herring RP, Fraser GE. Vegetarian diets and incidence of diabetes in the Adventist Health Study-2. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013;23(4):292–9

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A plant-based vegan diet is highly beneficial for its potency in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes along with simultaneously treating cardiovascular disease and reducing cancer risk

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McMacken M, Shah S. A plant-based diet for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017;14(5):342-354.

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A whole-food plant-based vegan diet has proven to be the single most successful intervention for a weight-loss diet to date, achieving the greatest healthy weight loss ever recorded at 6 and 12 months compared to any other such intervention published in the medical literature

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Wright N, Wilson L, Smith M, Duncan B, McHugh P. The BROAD study: a randomised controlled trial using a whole food plant-based diet in the community for obesity, ischaemic heart disease or diabetes. Nutr Diabetes. 2017;7(3):e256.

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A plant-based diet has been deemed “the nutritional equivalent of quitting smoking” by Dr. Neal Barnard, President of the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine.

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Barnard ND. The physician’s role in nutrition-related disorders: from bystander to leader. Virtual Mentor. 2013;15(4):367–72.

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The former president and fellow of the American College of Cardiology says that "there are two kinds of cardiologists: vegans and those who haven't read the data"

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Duran, I. Plant-based Prevention of Disease: A Conversation With Kim A. Williams Sr. 2021.

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Animal products have been deemed unnecessary for human consumption by the two largest bodies of dietitians in the United Kingdom and the United States who both categorically declare that a vegan diet is appropriate for all stages of life and is healthful, nutritionally adequate, and may provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases

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Position of the American Dietetic Association: Vegetarian Diets. (2009). Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109(7), 1266–1282. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2009.05.027

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British Dietetic Association confirms well-planned vegan diets can support healthy living in people of all ages.British Dietetic Association. 2017.

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A vegan whole-food diet is the only diet ever proven to reverse even advanced heart disease without drugs or surgery.

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Esselstyn CB. Is the present therapy for coronary artery disease the radical mastectomy of the twenty-first century? Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(6):902–4.

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A vegan whole-food diet reversed cellular aging

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Ornish D, Lin J, Chan JM, et al. Effect of comprehensive lifestyle changes on telomerase activity and telomere length in men with biopsy-proven low-risk prostate cancer: 5-year follow-up of a descriptive pilot study. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(11):1112–20.

 

A vegan whole-food diet dropped diabetes and hypertension rates by around 75% when compared to those eating meat

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Fraser GE. Vegetarian diets: what do we know of their effects on common chronic diseases? Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(5):1607S–1612S.

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A vegan whole-food diet slowed down and even stopped cancer growth

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Wang H, Khor TO, Shu L, et al. Plants vs. cancer: a review on natural phytochemicals in preventing and treating cancers and their druggability. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2012;12(10):1281–305.

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Consumption of plant foods improved athletic performance

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Bailey SJ, Winyard P, Vanhatalo A, et al. Dietary nitrate supplementation reduces the O2 cost of low-intensity exercise and enhances tolerance to high-intensity exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2009;107(4):1144–55

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McAnulty LS, Nieman DC, Dumke CL, et al. Effect of blueberry ingestion on natural killer cell counts, oxidative stress, and inflammation prior to and after 2.5 h of running. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011;36(6):976–84

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Thomas DE, Brotherhood JR, Brand JC. Carbohydrate feeding before exercise: effect of glycemic index. Int J Sports Med. 1991;12(2):180–6.

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Consumption of plant foods improved sexual function

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Wang F, Dai S, Wang M, Morrison H. Erectile dysfunction and fruit/vegetable consumption among diabetic Canadian men. Urology. 2013;82(6):1330–5.

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Consumption of plant foods improved mood state

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Beezhold BL, Johnston CS, Daigle DR. Restriction of flesh foods in omnivores improves mood: a pilot randomized controlled trial. American Public Health Association Annual Conference, November 7–11, 2009. Philadelphia, PA

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Consumption of plant foods improved menstrual pain and duration

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Rahnama P, Montazeri A, Huseini HF, Kianbakht S, Naseri M. Effect of Zingiber officinale R. rhizomes (ginger) on pain relief in primary dysmenorrhea: a placebo randomized trial. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012;12:92

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Consumption of plant foods reduced the risk of obesity

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Maskarinec G, Takata Y, Pagano I, et al. Trends and dietary determinants of overweight and obesity in a multiethnic population. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006;14(4):717–26.

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Consumption of plant foods reduced the risk of having a stroke

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Threapleton DE, Greenwood DC, Evans CE, et al. Dietary fiber intake and risk of first stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Stroke. 2013;44(5):1360–8

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Consumption of plant foods reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline

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Lourida I, Soni M, Thompson-Coon J, et al. Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: a systematic review. Epidemiology. 2013;24(4):479–89.

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Consumption of plant foods reduced the risk of premature death in general

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Kim Y, Je Y. Dietary fiber intake and total mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;180(6):565–73

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A plant-based diet improved quality of life, mood and eating behaviours

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Kahleova H, Hrachovinova T, Hill M, et al. Vegetarian diet in type 2 diabetes—improvement in quality of life, mood and eating behaviour. Diabet Med. 2013;30(1):127–9.

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ENVIRONMENT

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According to The World Health Organisation, climate change is the greatest threat to global health in the 21st century

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WHO calls for urgent action to protect health from climate change – Sign the call. World Health Organisation. 2015

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Clearly and unequivocally, planet Earth is facing a climate emergency. We need to quickly curtail habitat and biodiversity loss

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Ripple WJ, Wolf C, Newsome TM, Barnard P, Moomaw WR. World scientists’ warning of a climate emergency. Bioscience. 2020;70(1):8-12.

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One of the most powerful negative forces affecting the conservation of terrestrial ecosystems and biological diversity is the consumption of animal products

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Machovina B, Feeley KJ, Ripple WJ. Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption. Sci Total Environ. 2015;536:419-431.

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Over 74 billion land animals and over 2 trillion marine animals are being slaughtered every year

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Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.

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Livestock production accounts for up to 75% of all agricultural land and 30% of the land surface of the Earth

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Machovina B, Feeley KJ. Meat consumption as a key impact on tropical nature: a response to Laurance et al. Trends Ecol Evol. 2014;29(8):430-1.

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Livestock production is the leading cause of deforestation, causing up to 80% of the destruction of the Amazon rainforest

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Machovina B, Feeley KJ. Meat consumption as a key impact on tropical nature: a response to Laurance et al. Trends Ecol Evol. 2014;29(8):430-1.

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Livestock production is a leading cause of climate change, soil loss and water and nutrient pollution

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Machovina B, Feeley KJ, Ripple WJ. Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption. Sci Total Environ. 2015;536:419-431.

 

Livestock production is the single largest driver of habitat loss

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Machovina B, Feeley KJ, Ripple WJ. Biodiversity conservation: The key is reducing meat consumption. Sci Total Environ. 2015;536:419-431.

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We are losing almost 25 million acres of rainforest per year

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FAO and UNEP. The State of the World’s Forests 2020. Forests, biodiversity and people. 2020. Rome. 

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Nature is declining globally at rates unprecedented in human history: 1 million animal and plant species are threatened with extinction and over half of the world’s oceans are covered by industrial fishing

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UN Report: Nature’s Dangerous Decline ‘Unprecedented’; Species Extinction Rates ‘Accelerating’. United Nations. 2019. 

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 It’s predicted that by 2048, there will no longer be any fish left in the oceans

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Worm, B, Barbier, E. B, Beaumont, N., Duffy et al. Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science. 2006; 314(5800), 787–790. 

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The United Nations’ UNEP report urges for a substantial worldwide diet change away from animal products

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United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Consumption and Production: Priority Products and Materials, A Report of the Working Group on the Environmental Impacts of Products and Materials to the International Panel for Sustainable Resource Management; UNEP: Nairobi, Kenya, 2010. 

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There is no pathway to achieve climate objectives without the transition to a plant-based food system

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Machovina B, Feeley KJ. Meat consumption as a key impact on tropical nature: a response to Laurance et al. Trends Ecol Evol. 2014;29(8):430-1.

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In terms of global warming, ocean acidification, water pollution and the toxicity of the air we breathe, the water we drink and the soil we grow our food from, consuming animal products is 17 times more destructive than sticking to plant foods

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Baroni L, Berati M, Candilera M, Tettamanti M. Total Environmental Impact of Three Main Dietary Patterns in Relation to the Content of Animal and Plant Food. Foods. 2014;3(3):443-460.

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Replacing animal-source foods with plant-based sources may reduce greenhouse gas emissions up to 84%

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Springmann M, Wiebe K, Mason-d'croz D, Sulser TB, Rayner M, Scarborough P. Health and nutritional aspects of sustainable diet strategies and their association with environmental impacts: a global modelling analysis with country-level detail. Lancet Planet Health. 2018;2(10):e451-e461.

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Transitioning to a plant-based food system would keep us within the boundary for climate change by causing fewer adverse environmental effects by nearly any measure

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Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet. 2019;393(10170):447-492.

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Transitioning to a plant-based food system could free up 3.1 billion hectares (76% of all farmland)

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Poore J, Nemecek T. Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science 2018: Vol. 360, Issue 6392, pp. 987-992 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaq0216

 

If the U.S alone just ate beans instead of beef, it could spare an area of land 1.5 times greater than the size of the entire state of California, with no loss of protein or calories and deliver up to 75% of the 2020 GreenHouse Gas reduction target

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Harwatt H. Including animal to plant protein shifts in climate change mitigation policy: a proposed three-step strategy. Clim Policy. 2019;19(5):533-41.

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Per cropland, plants can produce 20-fold and twofold more nutritionally similar food than beef and eggs

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Shepon A, Eshel G, Noor E, Milo R. The opportunity cost of animal based diets exceeds all food losses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115(15):3804-3809.

 

If the U.S went fully plant-based, they would add enough food to feed, in full, 350 million additional people.

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Shepon A, Eshel G, Noor E, Milo R. The opportunity cost of animal based diets exceeds all food losses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115(15):3804-3809.

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It’s estimated that shifting to a plant-based diet could save the lives of 11.6 million people every year

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Willett W, Rockström J, Loken B, et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet. 2019;393(10170):447-492.

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Transitioning to a vegan diet could save 30$ Trillion dollars from the health benefits alone 

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Springmann M, Godfray HC, Rayner M, Scarborough P. Analysis and valuation of the health and climate change cobenefits of dietary change. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113(15):4146-51.

 

A vegan diet is probably the single biggest way to reduce your impact on planet Earth, not just greenhouse gases, but global acidification, eutrophication, land use and water use

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Avoiding meat and dairy is ‘single biggest way’ to reduce your impact on Earth. The Guardian. 2018

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Poore, Joseph & Nemecek, Thomas. (2018). Reducing food's environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science (New York, N.Y.). 360. 987-992. 10.1126/science.aaq0216.

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